Role of national cinema in the formation of national identity
Research Article
How to Cite
Tumanov A.I. Role of national cinema in the formation of national identity. Science. Culture. Society. 2021. Vol. 27. No. 3. P. 35-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/nko.2021.27.3.4 (in Russ.).
Abstract
This article touches upon the topic of the relationship between national identity and works of art. The author focuses on cinema as one of the most massively consumed and popular forms of art of our time. To uncover this subject matter, the cinema of the USA, USSR and modern Russia are considered. By the example of different movements of various periods of moviemaking in these countries, one can feel the mood and make sense of the views and values of an era in which a picture was created. Thus, films become visual markers of modernity, which allow subsequent generations to find a connection with their past. That, of course, is an important part of the process of forming a national identity.
In addition, the author describes how Hollywood conservative cinema of the 40s and 50s differs from the American cinema of the New Hollywood of the 60s and 70s, which was characterized by greater frankness in covering certain topics and problems. Also, the article touches upon how Hollywood returned to traditional values in the eighties during the presidency of Ronald Reagan.
Furthermore, as an example of how movies capture the zeitgeist the author cites soviet movies of the Thaw and of the Era of Stagnation. Also, this study uncovers the problem of the insolvency of modern Russian cinema in comparison with the Soviet movie industry in relation to its place in the mass consciousness of Russian people and its cultural significance.
The author also writes about how the shortcomings of the state management of the modern Russian industry impede the creation of more films that can affect formation of national identity.
Keywords:
Hollywood, ideology, cultural policy, national identity, Russian film industry, Soviet cinema
References
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12. Wasson S. (2020) The Big Goodbye: Chinatown and the Last Years of Hollywood. New York : Flatiron Books. 416 p. ISBN 978-1250301826 (in Eng.).
13. Hoberman J. (2019) Make My Day: Movie Culture in the Age of Reagan. New York : The New Press. 400 p. ISBN 978-1595580061 (in Eng.).
14. Perlstein R. (2020). Reaganland: America's Right Turn 1976-1980. New York : Simon & Schuster. 1120 p. ISBN 978-1476793054 (in Eng.).
15. Margolit E. Ya. (2012) Zhivye i mertvoe. Zametki k istorii sovetskogo kino 1920-1960-h godov [Alive and the dead. Notes on the history of Soviet cinema of the 1920s and 1960s.] SPb : Masterskaya "Seans". 560 p. ISBN 978-5-905669-08-8 (in Russ.).
16. Kul'turnaya zhizn' v SSSR, 1951-1965: Hronika. [Cultural life in the USSR, 1951-1965: The Chronicle.] Comp. by S.N. Bazanov. M. : Nauka Publ., 1977. 679 p. (In Russ.).
17. Shcherbenok A. (2013) A civilisation crisis in late stagnation cinema. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie. No 5 (123). P. 64-70 (in Russ.).
18. Lubashova N. I. (2011) From the history of film sociology. Sociological Studies. 2011. No 4. P. 146–149 (in Russ.).
19. Kosinova M. I. (2014) The history of relations between Russian cinema and its audience. Knowledge. Understanding. Skill. No 4. P. 147-155 (in Russ.).
20. Kosinova M. I. (2015) Cinema repertoire and audience preferences during the thaw in Russia. Knowledge. Understanding. Skill. No 4. S. 293-306. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17805/zpu.2015.4.28 (in Russ.).
21. Hryukin D. A. (2017) "Genre" as the key problem of the soviet cinema of the 1968-1985s. State, filmmakers, audience. Historical and Social-Educational Idea. Vol. 9. No 2. P. 74-83. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2017-9-2/1-74-83 (in Russ.).
22. Margolit E. Ya. (2019) V ozhidanii otveta. Otechestvennoe kino. Fil'my i ih lyudi. [Waiting for an answer. Russian cinema. Films and their people.] M. : Rosebud Publ. 464 p. ISBN 978-5-905712-42-5 (in Russ.).
23. Sheremet A. N. (2009) Sociology of Cinema for All. Higher Education in Russia. No 4, P. 150-154 (in Russ.).
24. Vorob'eva K. S. (2010) The sociology of cinema in the USSR: the problem of attendance. The Science of Person: Humanitarian Researches. No 6. P. 71-79 (in Russ.).
2. Hantington S. (2004) Who Are We? The Challenges to America's National Identity. Transl. by A. Bashkirov. M. : AST. 552 p. ISBN 5-17-024800-8 (in Russ.).
3. Goryachev Yu. I. (1988) Istoricheskij opyt stroitel'stva revolyucionnoj kinematografii (1917-1936). [Historical experience of the construction of a revolutionary cinema (1917-1936).] M : VGIK Publ. 45 p. (In Russ.).
4. Zhabskiy M. I. (2009) Sotsiokul'turnaia drama kinematografa. Analiticheskaia letopis' (1969–2005 gg.) [Sociocultural drama of cinematography. An analytical chronicle (1969–2005)]. M. : Kanon+ Publ., ROOI “Reabilitatsiia”. 775 p. (In Russ.).
5. Zhabskiy M. I., Tarasov K. A. (2019) Russian sociology of cinema in the context of society development. Sociological Studies. No 11. P. 73-81. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/S013216250007449-6 (in Russ.).
6. Aleksandrov G. V. (1976) Epoha i kino. [Epoch and cinema.] Ed. by N. S. Gudkova. M. : Politizdat. 288 p. (In Russ.).
7. Zorkaya N. M. (2014) Istoriya otechestvennogo kino. XX vek. [History of Russian cinema. XX century.] M. : Belyj gorod Publ. 512 p. ISBN 978-5-7793-2429-8 (in Russ.).
8. Trofimenkov M. S. (2018) Krasnyj nuar Gollivuda. Chast' I. Gollivudskij obkom. [The Red Noir of Hollywood. Part I. Hollywood obkom.] SPb : Masterskaya "Seans". 748 p. ISBN 978-5-9500453-7-0 (in Russ.).
9. Sklar R. (1994) Movie-Made America: A Cultural History of American Movies. New York : Vintage. 432 p. ISBN 0-679-75549-7 (in Eng.).
10. Biskind P. (2007) Easy Riders, Raging Bulls. Transl. by S. Arbuzov. M. : AST. 640 p. ISBN 978-985-16-2169-5 (in Russ.).
11. Hoberman J (2012) An Army of Phantoms: American Movies and the Making of the Cold War. New York : The New Press. 408 p. ISBN 978-1595588333 (in Eng.).
12. Wasson S. (2020) The Big Goodbye: Chinatown and the Last Years of Hollywood. New York : Flatiron Books. 416 p. ISBN 978-1250301826 (in Eng.).
13. Hoberman J. (2019) Make My Day: Movie Culture in the Age of Reagan. New York : The New Press. 400 p. ISBN 978-1595580061 (in Eng.).
14. Perlstein R. (2020). Reaganland: America's Right Turn 1976-1980. New York : Simon & Schuster. 1120 p. ISBN 978-1476793054 (in Eng.).
15. Margolit E. Ya. (2012) Zhivye i mertvoe. Zametki k istorii sovetskogo kino 1920-1960-h godov [Alive and the dead. Notes on the history of Soviet cinema of the 1920s and 1960s.] SPb : Masterskaya "Seans". 560 p. ISBN 978-5-905669-08-8 (in Russ.).
16. Kul'turnaya zhizn' v SSSR, 1951-1965: Hronika. [Cultural life in the USSR, 1951-1965: The Chronicle.] Comp. by S.N. Bazanov. M. : Nauka Publ., 1977. 679 p. (In Russ.).
17. Shcherbenok A. (2013) A civilisation crisis in late stagnation cinema. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie. No 5 (123). P. 64-70 (in Russ.).
18. Lubashova N. I. (2011) From the history of film sociology. Sociological Studies. 2011. No 4. P. 146–149 (in Russ.).
19. Kosinova M. I. (2014) The history of relations between Russian cinema and its audience. Knowledge. Understanding. Skill. No 4. P. 147-155 (in Russ.).
20. Kosinova M. I. (2015) Cinema repertoire and audience preferences during the thaw in Russia. Knowledge. Understanding. Skill. No 4. S. 293-306. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17805/zpu.2015.4.28 (in Russ.).
21. Hryukin D. A. (2017) "Genre" as the key problem of the soviet cinema of the 1968-1985s. State, filmmakers, audience. Historical and Social-Educational Idea. Vol. 9. No 2. P. 74-83. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2017-9-2/1-74-83 (in Russ.).
22. Margolit E. Ya. (2019) V ozhidanii otveta. Otechestvennoe kino. Fil'my i ih lyudi. [Waiting for an answer. Russian cinema. Films and their people.] M. : Rosebud Publ. 464 p. ISBN 978-5-905712-42-5 (in Russ.).
23. Sheremet A. N. (2009) Sociology of Cinema for All. Higher Education in Russia. No 4, P. 150-154 (in Russ.).
24. Vorob'eva K. S. (2010) The sociology of cinema in the USSR: the problem of attendance. The Science of Person: Humanitarian Researches. No 6. P. 71-79 (in Russ.).
Article
Received: 28.07.2021
Accepted: 29.09.2021
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Tumanov, A. I. (2021). Role of national cinema in the formation of national identity. Science. Culture. Society, 27(3), 35-49. https://doi.org/10.19181/nko.2021.27.3.4
Section
Research of socio-cultural processes in civil society
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