Ambivalence of globalization: Case of Belarus
Research Article
How to Cite
Rolionok A.V. Ambivalence of globalization: Case of Belarus. Science. Culture. Society. 2022. Vol. 28. No. 1. P. 20-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/nko.2022.28.1.2 (in Russ.).
Abstract
The article considers the ambivalence of globalization based on the case of Belarus. The theoretical framework and methodological basis of the analysis are the following concepts: the ambivalence of modernity by Zygmunt Bauman, multiple modernities by Shmuel Eisenstadt, glocalization by Roland Robertson and the plural flows of globalization by Arjun Appadurai, Malcolm Waters, John Urry. The author of the article studies the uneven involvement of Belarus in the processes of globalization in the political, military, economic and environmental dimensions. Additionally, the author analyzes the development of the authoritarian political regime in Belarus (new authoritarianism in the Jerzy Vyatr’s terminology) and the appearance of such a phenomenon as the globalization of authoritarianism. It is stated that Belarus is becoming a regional and global actor, a donor of authoritarianism (inclusion in the globalization through the expansion of authoritarianism). Particular attention is given to the civil protest events that took place in Belarus in 2020-2021. They contributed to the making of a new political subjectivity (civic national identity) and to a counter consolidation of the authoritarian political regime. The author concludes that Belarus is an example of the strengthening (in terms of paternalism and authoritarian state governance of the population) the role of the nation state (Belarusian autocracy) in the context of border closure due to the COVID-19 pandemic and a new wave of de-globalization.
Keywords:
ambivalence of modernity, multiple modernities, globalization, glocalization, new authoritarianism, globalization of authoritarianism, Belarus, deglobalization
References
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16. New Authoritarianism: Challenges to Democracy in the 21st Century / Ed. by J. Wiatr. Opladen; Berlin; Toronto : Verlag Barbara Budrich, 2019. DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvdf08xx (in Eng.).
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19. Bogaert, К. (2018) Globalized Authoritarianism: Megaprojects, Slums, and Class Relations in Urban Morocco. Minneapolis : Univ. of Minnesota Press. 312 p. ISBN 9781517900816 (in Eng.).
20. Berch Berberoglu (ed) (2020) The Global Rise of Authoritarianism in the 21st Century: Crisis of Neoliberal Globalization and the Nationalist Response. Routledge. 324 p. ISBN 978-0367426781 (in Eng.).
21. Bloom, P. (2016) Authoritarian Capitalism in the Age of Globalization. UK : Essex Business School, University of Essex, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. 232 p. ISBN 978-1-78471-313-3 (in Eng.).
22. Bainiev, V., Vinnik, V. (2010) Genuine democracy and people's statehood. Belaruskaya Dumka. No. 11. Pp. 64-68 (in Russ.).
2. Eisenstadt, S. N. (2000) Multiple Modernities. Daedalus. Vol. 129. No 1. Pp. 1-30 (in Eng.).
3. Hell, D. [et al.] (2004) Global transformations : Politics, Economics and Culture. М. : Praksis Publ. 576 p. (In Russ.).
4. Stiglitz, J. (2000) Globalization and its discontents. Great Britain : Allen Lane, The Penguin Press (in Eng.).
5. Robertson, R. (1995) Glocalization: Time-Space and Homogeneity-Heterogeneity. In: Featherstone M., Lash S., Robertson R. (eds) Global Modernities. Pp. 25-44. DOI: 10.4135/9781446250563.N2 (in Eng.).
6. Featherstone, M., Lash, S., Robertson, R. (eds) (1995) Global Modernities. London : SAGE Publications. 292 p. DOI: 10.4135/9781446250563 (in Eng.).
7. Giddens, A. (2004) Runaway World: How Globalisation is Reshaping our Lives. М. : Ves' Mir Publ., 120 p. ISBN 5-7777-0304-6 (in Russ.).
8. Robertson, R. (1992) Globalization: Social Theory and Global Culture. London: SAGE Publications. 211 p. ISBN 0-8039-8187-2 (in Eng.).
9. Robertson, R. (1990) Mapping the Global Condition: Globalization as a Central Concept. Theory, Culture & Society. Vol. 7. No. 2. Pp. 15-30. DOI: 10.1177/026327690007002002 (in Eng.).
10. Ivanov, D. V. (2020) Augmented Modernity: Effects of Post-globalization and Post-virtualization. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. No. 5. Pp. 44-55. DOI: 10.31857/S013216250009397-9 (in Russ.).
11. Therborn, G. (2005) Globalization and Inequality: Issues of Conceptualization and Explanation. Russian Sociological Review. Vol. 4. No. 1. Pp. 31-62 (in Russ.).
12. Furs, V. (2005) Belarusian "reality" in the system of coordinates of globalization. Topos. No. 1. Pp. 5-18 (in Russ.).
13. Furs, V. (2007) The Belarusian Project of Modernity? In: Evropeiskaya perspektiva Belarusi: intellektual'nye modeli [The European Perspective of Belarus: Intellectual Models]. Vilnius : EGU Publ. ЕГУ. Pp. 43-59 (in Russ.).
14. Regressive sociality? Post-soviet societies in the globalization coordinate system : round table on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of V. Furs's death. Topos. 2020. No. 2. Pp. 64-78 (in Russ.).
15. Furs, V. (2008) On the question of "Belarusian identity". Novaya Ehўropa. URL: https://n-europe.eu/article/2008/12/05/k_voprosu_o_«belarusskoi_identichnosti»_1 (last request 19.11.2021) (in Russ.).
16. New Authoritarianism: Challenges to Democracy in the 21st Century / Ed. by J. Wiatr. Opladen; Berlin; Toronto : Verlag Barbara Budrich, 2019. DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvdf08xx (in Eng.).
17. Appadurai, A. (1996) Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis; London : Univ. of Minnesota Press. 229 p. (In Eng.).
18. Larry Diamond, Marc F. Plattner and Christopher Walker (eds) (2016) Authoritarianism Goes Global: The Challenge to Democracy. Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press. 256 p. ISBN 978-1421419978 (in Eng.).
19. Bogaert, К. (2018) Globalized Authoritarianism: Megaprojects, Slums, and Class Relations in Urban Morocco. Minneapolis : Univ. of Minnesota Press. 312 p. ISBN 9781517900816 (in Eng.).
20. Berch Berberoglu (ed) (2020) The Global Rise of Authoritarianism in the 21st Century: Crisis of Neoliberal Globalization and the Nationalist Response. Routledge. 324 p. ISBN 978-0367426781 (in Eng.).
21. Bloom, P. (2016) Authoritarian Capitalism in the Age of Globalization. UK : Essex Business School, University of Essex, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. 232 p. ISBN 978-1-78471-313-3 (in Eng.).
22. Bainiev, V., Vinnik, V. (2010) Genuine democracy and people's statehood. Belaruskaya Dumka. No. 11. Pp. 64-68 (in Russ.).
Article
Received: 23.11.2021
Accepted: 25.03.2022
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Rolionok, A. V. (2022). Ambivalence of globalization: Case of Belarus. Science. Culture. Society, 28(1), 20-32. https://doi.org/10.19181/nko.2022.28.1.2
Section
Modern political processes in Russia and abroad
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