Manufacturing consent: explanatory model of media functioning
Research Article
How to Cite
Nazarov M.M. Manufacturing consent: explanatory model of media functioning. Science. Culture. Society. 2022. Vol. 28. No. 4. P. 8-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/nko.2022.28.4.1 (in Russ.).
Abstract
The research gives an account to the concept of E. Herman and N. Chomsky, focused on the role of media in the manufacturing of elite consent in modern American society. Two leading approaches to media power – liberal-pluralistic and critical political economy forms the framework of the research. The genesis and content of the concept of "manufacturing of consent" is considered. Neo–Marxist tradition of analysis forms the background of the authors' concept of the production of consent as a means of nonviolent domination and maintaining the status quo. The study examines the propaganda media filters promoted to elite consensus. The article gives recognition to the importance of understanding propaganda filters as an analytical tool that identifies structural factors determining the position of media in the context of power relations in society. Factors / filters of market and profit orientation; advertising; dependence on key sources; threats of defamation in relation to the media; dominant ideology provide better understanding of the place and role of media in the system of state and corporate power in the United States. The Herman and Chomsky concept proposed more than three decades ago continues to be relevant under the current conditions of rapid progress of communication technologies and crucial changes in the media landscape. There is a further growth of powerful media conglomerates; the level of concentration in the Internet segment significantly exceeds traditional media. The growth of corporate influence accompanied with the strengthening of the market imperative in the media management. In the context of crisis of global capitalism and increase tensions of international relations, the ideological filter of anti-communism has received a new form - the anti-Russian dominant ideology.
Keywords:
propaganda, media, hegemony, elites, consensus, ideology
References
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2. Chomsky N. (2002) Profit over People. Neoliberalism and Global Order. Moscow, Praxis. 245 p. ISBN 5-901574-15-X (in Russ.).
3. Chomsky N. (2002) The New Military Humanism. Lessons from Kosovo. Moscow, Praxis. 320 p. ISBN 5-901574-26-5 (in Russ.).
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9. Murdock G., Golding P. (1977) Capitalism, communication and class relations. In: J. Curran (ed.) Mass communication and society. London, Edward Arnold. Pp. 12–43 (in Eng.).
10. Herman E., Chomsky N. (2008) Manufacturing Consent. The Political Economy of the Mass Media. London, Bodley. 582 p. ISBN 9781847920706 (in Eng.).
11. Lippman W. (1922) Public Opinion. New York, Harcourt, Brace & Co. 427 p. (in Eng.).
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22. Macleod A. (2019) Fake News, Russian Bots and Putin’s Puppets. In: MacLeod A. (ed.) Propaganda in the Information Age. Still Manufacturing Consent. New York, Routledge. 172 p. ISBN 978-0-429-43032-9 (in Eng.).
23. Still Manufacturing Consent: An Interview with Noam Chomsky (2019). In: MacLeod A. (ed.) Propaganda in the Information Age. Still Manufacturing Consent. New York, Routledge. 172 p. ISBN 978-0-429-43032-9 (in Eng.).
24. Herman S. (2017) Fake News on Russia and Other Official Enemies: The “New York Times”, 1917–2017. Monthly Review. Vol. 69. No. 3. Pp. 98–112. DOI 10.14452/MR-069-03-2017-07_8 (in Eng.).
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26. Klaehn J., Godler Y., Mullen A. [et al.] Discussion: The Propaganda Model and Black Boxes? Media Theory. 2018. Vol. 2. No. 2. Pp. 192–212 (in Eng.).
27. Comeforo K. (2010) Review Essay: Manufacturing consent: The political economy of the mass media. Global Media and Communication. Vol. 6. No. 2. Pp. 218–230. DOI 10.1177/1742766510373714 (in Eng.).
2. Chomsky N. (2002) Profit over People. Neoliberalism and Global Order. Moscow, Praxis. 245 p. ISBN 5-901574-15-X (in Russ.).
3. Chomsky N. (2002) The New Military Humanism. Lessons from Kosovo. Moscow, Praxis. 320 p. ISBN 5-901574-26-5 (in Russ.).
4. Chomsky N. (2007) Failed States: Тhе Abuse of Power and the Assault on Democracy. Moscow, Stolitsa Print. 473 p. ISBN 978-5-98132-123-8 (in Russ.).
5. Dahl R. (2000) On Democracy. Moscow, Aspect Press. 208 p. ISBN 5-7567-0244-X (in Russ).
6. McQuail D. (1994) Mass Communication Theory. An Introduction. London, Sage. 416 p. ISBN 0803977840 (in Eng.).
7. DeFleuer M., Ball-Rokeach S. (1989) Theories of Mass Communication. New York, Longman. 368 p. ISBN 0-582-99870-0 (in Eng.).
8. Mosco V. (2009) The Political Economy of Communication. London, Sage. 270 p. ISBN 978-1-4129-4700-8 (in Eng.).
9. Murdock G., Golding P. (1977) Capitalism, communication and class relations. In: J. Curran (ed.) Mass communication and society. London, Edward Arnold. Pp. 12–43 (in Eng.).
10. Herman E., Chomsky N. (2008) Manufacturing Consent. The Political Economy of the Mass Media. London, Bodley. 582 p. ISBN 9781847920706 (in Eng.).
11. Lippman W. (1922) Public Opinion. New York, Harcourt, Brace & Co. 427 p. (in Eng.).
12. Lippman W. (1925) The Phantom Public. Piscataway, NJ, Transaction Publishers. 195 p. ISBN 1-56000-677-3 (in Eng.).
13. Chomsky N. (2003) Hegemony or Survival-Americas Quest for Global Dominance. New York, Metropolitan. 171 p. ISBN 0-8050-7688-3 (in Eng.).
14. Gramsci A. (1991) Quaderni del carcere. Moscow, Politizdat. 560 p. ISBN 5-250-00897-6 (in Russ).
15. Gramsci A. (1971) Selection from Prison Notebooks. London, Lawrence and Wishart. 483 p. ISBN 978-0853152378 (in Eng.).
16. Mills R. (1959) An Inert Society. In: Power Elite. Moscow, Foreign literature Publ. 545 p. (in Russ.).
17. Herman Е. (1996) The propaganda model revisited. Monthly Review. Vol. 48. No. 3. Pp. 115–164. DOI 10.14452/MR-048-03-1996-07_8 (in Eng.).
18. Pugachev V. P. (ed.) (1996) Vvedenie v politologiju : Slovar'-spravochnik [Introduction to Political Science. Dictionary-reference]. Moscow, Aspect Press. 264 p. ISBN 5-7567-0114-1 (in Russ).
19. Littlejohn S. W., Foss K. A. (eds.) (2009) Encyclopedia of Communication Theory. Thousand Oaks, California, Sage. Vol. 2. 1105 p. ISBN 978-1-4129-5937-7 (in Eng).
20. Herman Е. (2005) Media and Markets in US. In: The Right to Tell. The Role of Mass Media in Economic Development. Moscow, Ves' Mir. Pp. 107–120 (in Russ.).
21. Veselov S. V. (ed.) (2021) Rossijskij reklamnyj ezhegodnik [Russian Advertising Yearbook]. Moscow, De Libri. 394 p. ISBN 978-5-4491-0996-5 (in Russ.).
22. Macleod A. (2019) Fake News, Russian Bots and Putin’s Puppets. In: MacLeod A. (ed.) Propaganda in the Information Age. Still Manufacturing Consent. New York, Routledge. 172 p. ISBN 978-0-429-43032-9 (in Eng.).
23. Still Manufacturing Consent: An Interview with Noam Chomsky (2019). In: MacLeod A. (ed.) Propaganda in the Information Age. Still Manufacturing Consent. New York, Routledge. 172 p. ISBN 978-0-429-43032-9 (in Eng.).
24. Herman S. (2017) Fake News on Russia and Other Official Enemies: The “New York Times”, 1917–2017. Monthly Review. Vol. 69. No. 3. Pp. 98–112. DOI 10.14452/MR-069-03-2017-07_8 (in Eng.).
25. G. V. Osipov (ed.) (1987) Logika sociologicheskogo issledovanija [Logic of Sociological Research]. Moscow, Nauka. 174 p. (in Russ.).
26. Klaehn J., Godler Y., Mullen A. [et al.] Discussion: The Propaganda Model and Black Boxes? Media Theory. 2018. Vol. 2. No. 2. Pp. 192–212 (in Eng.).
27. Comeforo K. (2010) Review Essay: Manufacturing consent: The political economy of the mass media. Global Media and Communication. Vol. 6. No. 2. Pp. 218–230. DOI 10.1177/1742766510373714 (in Eng.).
Article
Received: 30.09.2022
Accepted: 15.12.2022
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Nazarov, M. M. (2022). Manufacturing consent: explanatory model of media functioning. Science. Culture. Society, 28(4), 8-21. https://doi.org/10.19181/nko.2022.28.4.1
Section
Theory and methods of sociological science
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