Preface

In the 50-80 's . The countries of Southeastern Europe are beginning to develop along the socialist path, and Marxist ideology occupies a dominant position. The countries of the region were quite different in terms of socio-economic development, but mostly they were industrial and agrarian countries. They were part of a relatively closed international economic system. Most of them were members of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON). This was generally a difficult period for sociology, although at that time, in some countries, at certain periods, its rapid development was observed. If immediately after the Second World War in the 40s. in a number of countries of the Eastern European region, sociology faced the most important problems associated with the speedy restoration of the research potential destroyed by the war, with the concentration of efforts on vital areas of society, then since the late 1950s, when in the wake of liberalization and exposure "personality cults" sociology has again proved to be in demand, the question of the social role of sociologists as "active participants in social life" has become relevant again. However, at first, sociological problems were considered more within the framework of historical materialism and focused mainly on macrosocial problems, which was explained both by the ideological order and the state of theory during this period. The emphasis was shifted towards criticism of Western sociology and its opposition to Marxist sociology.